Abstract

Mini Review

Therapeutic Implications of Stem Cell Secretome

Ho Jia Huey, Clayton Chu Jia Teng, Marek Kukumberg and Abdul Jalil Rufaihah*

Published: 17 June, 2024 | Volume 8 - Issue 1 | Pages: 029-032

The stem cell secretome is a collective mixture of soluble and insoluble factors released by stem cells during paracrine communication and/or autocrine signaling. In addition to intracellular communication, these paracrine factors play an integral role in tissue development and generation, acting as the primary driving force in the regenerative properties of stem cells. Despite such great potential of stem cell secretome in therapeutic applications, the lack of secretome-based treatments available for the public at the time of writing is odd and puzzling. Hence, this review aims to provide insights into recent advancements in understanding the stem cell secretome, as well as discuss future possibilities and current limitations that must be overcome for the proper development of secretome-based therapies. Through utilizing the MEDLINE database from the National Library of Medicine® (NLM), we found that while there is much evidence of the therapeutic effects of secretome-based therapy, flaws involving regulations and standardization hinder it from revolutionizing regenerative medicine at present. It is cardinal to emphasize that while secretome-based therapy may be the solution for many untreatable conditions, much research is still required before it is approved for clinical practice.

Read Full Article HTML DOI: 10.29328/journal.jsctt.1001039 Cite this Article Read Full Article PDF

References

  1. Poliwoda S, Noor N, Downs E, Schaaf A, Cantwell A, Ganti L, Kaye AD, Mosel LI, Carroll CB, Viswanath O, Urits I. Stem cells: a comprehensive review of origins and emerging clinical roles in medical practice. Orthop Rev (Pavia). 2022 Aug 25;14(3):37498. doi: 10.52965/001c.37498. PMID: 36034728; PMCID: PMC9404248.
  2. Khaddour K, Hana CK, Mewawalla P. Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation. In StatPearls, Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing, 2024. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK536951/
  3. Teixeira FG, Salgado AJ. Mesenchymal stem cells secretome: current trends and future challenges. Neural Regen Res. 2020 Jan;15(1):75-77. doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.264455. PMID: 31535654; PMCID: PMC6862404.
  4. Mousaei Ghasroldasht M, Seok J, Park HS, Liakath Ali FB, Al-Hendy A. Stem Cell Therapy: From Idea to Clinical Practice. Int J Mol Sci. 2022 Mar 5;23(5):2850. doi: 10.3390/ijms23052850. PMID: 35269990; PMCID: PMC8911494.
  5. Yamanaka S. Pluripotent Stem Cell-Based Cell Therapy-Promise and Challenges. Cell Stem Cell. 2020 Oct 1;27(4):523-531. doi: 10.1016/j.stem.2020.09.014. PMID: 33007237.
  6. Gwam C, Mohammed N, Ma X. Stem cell secretome, regeneration, and clinical translation: a narrative review. Ann Transl Med. 2021 Jan;9(1):70. doi: 10.21037/atm-20-5030. PMID: 33553363; PMCID: PMC7859812.
  7. Karnas E, Dudek P, Zuba-Surma EK. Stem cell- derived extracellular vesicles as new tools in regenerative medicine - Immunomodulatory role and future perspectives. Front Immunol. 2023 Jan 24;14:1120175. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1120175. PMID: 36761725; PMCID: PMC9902918.
  8. Noiseux N, Gnecchi M, Lopez-Ilasaca M, Zhang L, Solomon SD, Deb A, Dzau VJ, Pratt RE. Mesenchymal stem cells overexpressing Akt dramatically repair infarcted myocardium and improve cardiac function despite infrequent cellular fusion or differentiation. Mol Ther. 2006 Dec;14(6):840-50. doi: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2006.05.016. Epub 2006 Sep 11. PMID: 16965940.
  9. Uemura R, Xu M, Ahmad N, Ashraf M. Bone marrow stem cells prevent left ventricular remodeling of ischemic heart through paracrine signaling. Circ Res. 2006 Jun 9;98(11):1414-21. doi: 10.1161/01.RES.0000225952.61196.39. Epub 2006 May 11. PMID: 16690882.
  10. Saheli M, Bayat M, Ganji R, Hendudari F, Kheirjou R, Pakzad M, Najar B, Piryaei A. Human mesenchymal stem cells-conditioned medium improves diabetic wound healing mainly through modulating fibroblast behaviors. Arch Dermatol Res. 2020 Jul;312(5):325-336. doi: 10.1007/s00403-019-02016-6. Epub 2019 Nov 30. PMID: 31786709.
  11. Bellio MA, Young KC, Milberg J, Santos I, Abdullah Z, Stewart D, Arango A, Chen P, Huang J, Williams K, Kelly K, Sterling S, Khan A, Xu X, Shapiro GC, Mitrani MI. Amniotic fluid-derived extracellular vesicles: characterization and therapeutic efficacy in an experimental model of bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Cytotherapy. 2021 Dec;23(12):1097-1107. doi: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2021.07.011. Epub 2021 Sep 17. PMID: 34538718.
  12. Mitrani MI, Bellio MA, Sagel A, Saylor M, Kapp W, VanOsdol K, Haskell G, Stewart D, Abdullah Z, Santos I, Milberg J, Arango A, Mitrani A, Shapiro GC. Case Report: Administration of Amniotic Fluid-Derived Nanoparticles in Three Severely Ill COVID-19 Patients. Front Med (Lausanne). 2021 Mar 17;8:583842. doi: 10.3389/fmed.2021.583842. PMID: 33816515; PMCID: PMC8010176.
  13. Bellio MA, Bennett C, Arango A, Khan A. Proof-of-concept trial of an amniotic fluid-derived extracellular vesicle biologic for treating high-risk patients with mild-to-moderate acute COVID-19 infection. Biomaterials and Biosystems. 2021; 4:100031. doi: 10.1016/j.bbiosy.2021.100031.
  14. Kukumberg M, Phermthai T, Wichitwiengrat S, Wang X, Arjunan S, Chong SY, Fong CY, Wang JW, Rufaihah AJ, Mattar CNZ. Hypoxia-induced amniotic fluid stem cell secretome augments cardiomyocyte proliferation and enhances cardioprotective effects under hypoxic-ischemic conditions. Sci Rep. 2021 Jan 8;11(1):163. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-80326-w. PMID: 33420256; PMCID: PMC7794288.
  15. Foo JB, Looi QH, Chong PP, Hassan NH, Yeo GEC, Ng CY, Koh B, How CW, Lee SH, Law JX. Comparing the Therapeutic Potential of Stem Cells and their Secretory Products in Regenerative Medicine. Stem Cells Int. 2021 Aug 19;2021:2616807. doi: 10.1155/2021/2616807. PMID: 34422061; PMCID: PMC8378970.
  16. Bari E, Perteghella S, Di Silvestre D, Sorlini M, Catenacci L, Sorrenti M, Marrubini G, Rossi R, Tripodo G, Mauri P, Marazzi M, Torre ML. Pilot Production of Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Freeze-Dried Secretome for Cell-Free Regenerative Nanomedicine: A Validated GMP-Compliant Process. Cells. 2018 Oct 30;7(11):190. doi: 10.3390/cells7110190. PMID: 30380806; PMCID: PMC6262564.
  17. Venugopal C, Shamir C, Senthilkumar S, Babu JV, Sonu PK, Nishtha KJ, Rai KS, K S, Dhanushkodi A. Dosage and Passage Dependent Neuroprotective Effects of Exosomes Derived from Rat Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells: An In Vitro Analysis. Curr Gene Ther. 2017;17(5):379-390. doi: 10.2174/1566523218666180125091952. PMID: 29366415.

Figures:

Similar Articles

Recently Viewed

Read More

Most Viewed

Read More

Help ?